When it comes to protecting your skin health, daily sun protection is one of the most important places to begin.
Ultraviolet radiation can contribute to pigmentation, premature skin ageing, precancerous skin changes and skin cancer. In Australia, protection matters throughout the year—not only during summer or on particularly hot days. UV radiation can still reach us when the weather is cool, cloudy or rainy.
What is ultraviolet radiation?
Ultraviolet radiation, or UVR, is energy produced by the sun. It is divided into three types: UVA, UVB and UVC.
UVC is the most dangerous form, but it is currently prevented from reaching the Earth’s surface by the ozone layer. UVA and UVB rays do reach us, and both can affect the health and appearance of our skin.
What is the difference between UVA and UVB rays?
UVB is the main cause of sunburn. It is a more energetic wavelength but, unlike UVA, is blocked by window glass.
UVA penetrates more deeply into the skin and can also pass through glass. This means your skin may still be exposed while you are indoors near a window or travelling in a car.
Both UVA and UVB radiation can contribute to sunspots, actinic keratoses and skin cancers, including basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and melanoma. They can also cause visible changes such as fine lines, wrinkles, pigmentation, redness, roughness and a loss of skin elasticity and luminosity.
How to protect your skin from UVA and UVB rays
Choose a broad-spectrum SPF 50+ sunscreen that protects against both UVA and UVB radiation. The best sunscreen is ultimately one you enjoy using enough to apply every day.
Sun protection is particularly important when the UV Index reaches 3 or above, which occurs on most days of the year across much of Australia. Checking the UV Index can help you understand your daily exposure, regardless of the temperature or cloud cover.
Apply sunscreen at least 20 minutes before heading outdoors and reapply every two hours—or sooner after swimming, heavy sweating or towel drying.
Sunscreen should also form part of a broader sun-protection routine. When the UV Index is high, seek shade and wear protective clothing, sunglasses and a wide-brimmed hat.
Consistent sun protection helps preserve the long-term health of your skin while allowing you to safely enjoy the Australian outdoors throughout the year.
Written by Dr Katherine Armour, Dermatologist and Founder of Bespoke Skin Technology.